Sunday, May 7, 2017

21 Simple Ways to Integrate Social-Emotional Learning Throughout the Day

by Elizabeth Mulvahill

ESSA recognizes social-emotional education as an important factor in helping students develop crucial life skills that go beyond academics. For an awesome infographic on the core competencies of social-emotional learning, click here.
Here are 21 simple ways you can support social-emotional learning for your students every day.

1. Start the day with a check-in.

Make it a goal to start each day with a personal connection. It doesn’t need to be a time-consuming or elaborate procedure. It could be as simple as giving a warm greeting to welcome each person as they arrive in the morning.

2. Use story time for teachable moments.

Read-alouds are the perfect tool for exploring social-emotional themes with your class. They’re not just for little kids either—there are tons of gorgeous picture books with complex themes and vocabulary that older kids will love too. Here’s a list to help start your social-emotional book library.
Storytime - 21 Ways to Integrate Social Emotional Learning

3. Work in partnerships.

Give kids lots of opportunities to work with partners. Working with a partner helps kids learn to cooperate and builds community in your classroom. Alternate between strategically assigning partnerships and allowing kids to make their own choices.

4. Teach them how to work in a group.

Being able to work in a group setting is an important life skill. Students will learn how to negotiate with others, develop leadership skills and figure out their own strengths so they can best contribute to the group. Click here for tips to make group work more productive.

5. Nurture a culture of kindness.

At the beginning of the year, read Have You Filled a Bucket Today?, a story about the power of kind words. Then create your own bucket for the classroom. Get a small tin bucket from a craft store and cut 3-by-3-inch pieces out of card stock. Kids can write messages of kindness, appreciation and love on the cards throughout the week to fill up the bucket. At the end of each week, spend a few minutes sharing these notes of encouragement to end the week on a positive note.

6. Give them new words to say.

Here’s a free poster, “8 Phrases That Nurture Growth Mindset,” that gives students positive phrases they can use to foster their resilience and overcome failure. Hang a large copy on the wall, or give them their own smaller version for their journals or planners.

7. Set up a Peace Place.

Create a special place in your classroom for kids to take a break when they are upset or angry or need to calm themselves. This space should have a peaceful atmosphere and might include comfy pillows to sit on, noise-canceling headphones, a fish tank, journaling materials, calming images and/or books about peace.

8. Teach your kids how to manage conflict with peer mediation.

Peer mediation is a problem-solving process that helps students involved in a dispute meet in a private, safe and confidential setting to work out problems with the help of a student mediator. There are lots of programs out there—here’s one sample curriculum.

9. Use anchor charts to teach social-emotional skills.

You can create anchor charts with your class about many different topics, from “Owning Your Learning” to “What Does Respect Look Like?” and “Be a Problem-Solver.” Check out the WeAreTeachers Classroom Management Anchor Charts Pinterest board for many more ideas.

10. Practice lots of role-play.

Sometimes you have to put yourself in someone else’s shoes to truly understand a situation. Taking time to role-play tricky or troubling situations that show up in your classroom helps kids develop empathy and understand other people’s feelings. For example, it’s a great strategy to use when discussing bullying. Read The 10 Key Benefits of Role-Play for Children.

11. Allow for talk time.

Give kids a lot of opportunities—both structured and unstructured—to talk to one another during the course of the day. Bouncing ideas off of one another or figuring out problems with a little give-and-take will help your students build understanding and confidence. Here are 10 great techniques to try with your students. When your class is cracking up and getting wiggly, taking a five-minute chat break is a great way to hit the reset button.

12. Play games to build community.

Cooperative-learning games can promote social and relationship skills. There are tons of resources out there for activities to play in your classroom. Here’s one we love: 10 Team-Building Games That Promote Critical Thinking.

13. Buddy up with an older or younger class.

Having a special connection with another class is a great way to build positive ongoing relationships in your school community. Kids are always amazed at how easy it is to find common ground with younger or older students. The big kids feel important and the little kids feel special. For how-tos, check out The Power of Buddy Classrooms: 19 Ideas.

14. Build community with teams.

Consider an alternative seating arrangement that allows kids to sit in teams. Let each team create an original name, motto and flag. This is a great way for students to feel a sense of belonging, and it encourages collaboration and cooperation. Change up teams every 6 to 12 weeks.

15. Teach them to monitor their own progress.

Make personal goal-setting (academic, emotional, social, etc.) a regular activity with your students. It will strengthen their intrapersonal skills and give them ownership of their own learning. Help them develop the habit of revisiting and adjusting their goals often to monitor progress. Am I meeting my goals? What do I need to work on next? How do I want to grow? For more on goal setting, click here.

16. Hold class meetings.

Check in frequently to celebrate what is working and address things that need tweaking within your classroom community. Empower all of your students with a voice and a vote to give them ownership of their environment.

17. Make space for reflective writing.

Give your student time to journal and free-write. Put on quiet music. Dim the lights. Make writing time a quiet, soothing break from busyness that your students will look forward to. For stubborn starters, you can provide a menu of optional prompts. For more information, read 6 Benefits of Journal Writing.

18. Encourage expression through art.

Sometimes students think and feel things that they can’t quite put into words. Art is a great tool to allow them to explore topics from a different perspective. Sketch your thoughts and feelings out as a prewriting activity. Create a painting as an interpretation of a piece of music or poetry.

19. Assign interview projects.

Have your students interview each other throughout the year about topics such as cultural background, family traditions or opinions about a current event. Conducting a formal interview is different than a casual conversation and teaches skills such as focused listening and conversational skills. In addition, learning about their classmates will broaden their perspective as they consider that everyone’s background and experience is not necessarily the same as their own.

20. Put ’em to work.

Classroom jobs teach responsibility and give kids ownership of their classroom. Pride in a job well done is a great confidence-builder. Here are 25 fun, easy job charts you can create for your classroom.

21. End each day with a checkout.

Circle up for just a few minutes at the end of each day to reflect on your day together. Check in with how your students are feeling, talk about what went well, read some notes from the kindness bucket and set some goals for tomorrow.  


Link: https://www.weareteachers.com/21-simple-ways-to-integrate-social-emotional-learning-throughout-the-day/

Teaching Students Mindfulness

All children can benefit from mind-body activities like mindful breathing and visualization, but especially children who are dealing with something really significant like a recent move, a divorce or a death in the family. Mind-body exercises can help kids learn to calm their minds and regulate their emotions. Some of the many benefits of introducing mind-body exercises into your classroom include students learning better self-control, anxiety management, concentration and mental focus.

Breathing and Movement
Engaging children in breathing and movement activity helps them to become more aware of their bodies and the sensations within their bodies. It teaches them how to use their breath to focus their attention and calm themselves. The goal is for kids to learn techniques that they can later use when they need help regulating their emotions or behaviors. The more they practice, the easier it will be for them to call on these resources during uncomfortable or overwhelming situations.

A simple lesson to begin with is deep belly breathing. In this activity, students will stand up straight with their feet shoulder-width apart, their bodies relaxed and their eyes closed. You will read the instructions for them to follow as they observe the breath as it flows through their body.

Progressive muscle relaxation is another great activity for helping students becoming aware of their bodies as you guide them through tightening and then releasing their muscles from their heads to their toes.

Mindfulness
Mindfulness exercises give kids the opportunity to be fully present in the moment. Being mindful and focused on a task can provide relief from revisiting past stress and trauma, like abuse or an absent family member, or from worrying about the future.

Try this simple listening activity. Have your students sit quietly at their desks with their eyes closed. Ask them to quiet their minds and listen very carefully to what is going on around them. Then set a timer for one minute. They may hear the tick of a clock or the hum of a computer, the sound of their own breath entering and leaving their body or birds chirping outside the classroom. Encourage them to try and keep thoughts from interrupting their listening. When time is up, ask students to notice what their bodies and minds feel like compared to before the activity.

A more active exercise you can try is leading your students on a color search. Make one copy of this printable for each student and have them search the classroom (or library, or hallway, or outdoor space, etc.) to find one item for each color listed on the sheet. The only catch? They must search independently and silently so that everyone can work mindfully.

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Guided Imagery and Relaxation

Guided imagery is a great strategy to help kids learn to interrupt intrusive thoughts. Guided visualizations are usually directed by a script and can be recorded or read aloud. Read the script slowly in a quiet place, free from interruptions. You may want to have soft, relaxing music playing in the background while you read the script. Do whatever works best for your kids.

Try this simple relaxation exercise/guided visualization. Have your kids sit quietly and comfortably in their chairs. Tell them to close their eyes and listen to the rhythm of their breathing as they follow your directions, which will focus their attention on noticing and relaxing one part of their body at a time. Afterward, encourage them to remember what this relaxed state feels like whenever they feel tension or worry, like before a big test or when they have to visit a family member in the hospital.
Create or find scripts for other scenarios you might use for guided imagery—for example, going on a hot air balloon ride, taking a walk in the woods, or sitting beside a babbling brook.

Drawing and Coloring
Drawing and coloring can be a wonderful calming and focusing activity. Take a break from the chaos of a full day and put on soft music, dim the lights, and let your kids enjoy creating something beautiful. You may even want to join in! Being able to tap into the quiet concentration that creating art requires will build your students’ capacity for self-calming in upsetting situations, such as when they are in a fight with a friend or are worrying about not finishing an assignment.
You can give your students drawing prompts such as, “Draw a picture of yourself,” or “Draw a favorite pet or animal,” or “Draw your happy place.” Or give them copies of mandalas to color or interesting printables like this one.


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Journaling

Journaling can be a fun and relaxing activity for your students. Journaling has the added benefit of giving kids an opportunity to work out problems they are experiencing—loss, worries, disputes, dilemmas—as well as the chance to remember good experiences. Don’t set limits on the content or format of their writing, just encourage them to express themselves any way they choose: They can make lists, write simple poems or essays or letters they would like to send, or simply jot down words or phrases.


Sometimes kids have a hard time knowing where to begin. If this is the case, they may appreciate being given prompts like “Things that make me happy (or sad or angry) are…” or “One of the best stories I’ve ever heard or read is…” or “My favorite place in the world is…” Download this printable to help get students started with lists of 10 favorite things.

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*****

As teachers, we want to help our students when they’re scared or stressed, but sometimes it’s hard to know exactly what to do or how we can take on the big emotions in the short time we have with our students each day. Here are seven quick, easy activities from The National Institute for Trauma and Loss in Children, a program of Starr Global Learning Network that can help kids manage uncomfortable or overwhelming emotions.
  1. Worry Beads
Whether students are dealing with a falling out with friends at school or a difficult divorce at home, this activity helps kids cope with their worries. They’ll be able to name their worries and create a safe place to keep them.
How it works: Give each student a Worry Bead Printable. Ask them to label each bead with something that they worry about, then color in the beads that represent their biggest worries. When they finish, share with them, “Now, instead of carrying all of your worries around in your head, you can store them right here on paper.”
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  1. “If My Friend Feels Hurt, I Would Help Him or Her By …”
Sometimes when kids are feeling overwhelmed, they may not know what to do to help themselves. By thinking about how they could help a friend, they can actually come up with a list of ideas to help themselves.
How it works: Brainstorm ideas with your students about how they might help a friend who is upset or overwhelmed. Then, give them time to make a list of things they could do or say to that friend. At the end of the session, help them understand that they can do and say the same things to themselves when they are feeling hurt—they can be their own best friend!
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  1. My Mask
Sometimes when kids are scared, they just want to hide behind a mask so no one can see them. This activity gives your students an artistic outlet to deal with their fears.
How it works: Ask your students this question: “If you had a mask to hide behind from your fears, what would it look like?” Pass out a mask printable to each student and give them time to decorate it any way they choose. Then ask: “Since we can’t always hide, what are some other things we can do when we are really scared? What would make you feel a little bit less scared?” Give students time to respond to the questions in their journals.
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  1. “List of Things That Tick Me Off”
When kids are going through tough times, whether they are dealing with big stuff like a sick family member or something small like frustration with a project, they can understandably respond with anger and irritability. This activity will help kids articulate things that tick them off so that they can come up with constructive ways to deal with their anger.
How it works: Pass out copies of the printable shown below. Ask students to think about things that really make them angry and write them on the lines provided. Have a conversation about the harmful effects of holding onto anger—not only for ourselves, but for relationships we have with others. Together, come up with a list of strategies for coping with anger.

  1. Mandala Coloring
Coloring is wonderful outlet for relaxing and refocusing. Tapping into this resource will give students a useful tool to quiet their minds when they feel anxious or stressed.
How it works: Use this printable or download other mandalas for free at ColoringCastle.com. Put on soft, soothing background music, dim the lights, get out the art supplies and give students time to let their bodies de-stress and their minds wander as they color.
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  1. Happy-Memory Drawing
Revisiting a happy memory can help kids create a “happy place” in their minds where they can go when they feel down or discouraged.
How it works: Ask your students to think about a happy memory from their past. Invite them to close their eyes and picture the details—the colors and shapes, sounds, smells, and people that were part of this happy time. Then give them time to capture all of the details on the printable.
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  1. My Future Rainbow
Sometimes it’s nice to take a break from the everyday and dream about the future. Thinking about the future keeps us moving forward, experiencing new things and growing!
How it works: Ask your students to think about their hopes, dreams and goals for the future, either short-term or long-term. Give them a copy of this rainbow printable to write a hope, dream or goal on each stripe of the rainbow and then color it in. Now they have a tangible reminder of all the happy things they have to look forward to in the future!
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Teaching Social and Emotional Skills

By Randy Taran
Before Playworks, Leonard’s angry outbursts required two teachers’ attention to keep everyone around him safe and to calm him down. With Playworks Coach Shayla’s introduction of social and emotional skills through play, Leonard learned to manage his anger and was able to join the fun.

At Playworks, we create a place for every kid on the playground to feel included, be active, and build valuable social and emotional skills. Here are some of the games and activities our coaches use to make recess fun for all students.
Games to practice kindness

Games to build community

Games to teach conflict resolution

Games to develop cooperation
Link: http://www.playworks.org/blog/twelve-games-teach-students-social-emotional-learning


Thursday, April 27, 2017

Rise Up - Climate Change Education Initiative

Rise Up is an IDB climate change education initiative that seeks to encourage children and youth to use their creativity and energy to come up with feasible, sustainable, long-term strategies to mitigate climate change.

Explore Rise Up themes 

We present instruction videos, a Green School Tool Kit and Videogames. These are all materials that teachers and students will be able to use in schools to turn children into brave superheroes with the mission of saving the planet!

























































Tuesday, April 25, 2017

Happy Schools



What Makes a School Happy? Perspectives from Six Schools

What are the criteria for a Happy School? As part of the Happy Schools Project, an initial criteria was formed based on a desk study and analysis of more than 650 survey responses.
The criteria outlines three major themes: People – relating to relationships and engagement of school community stakeholders, Process – relating to the various aspects of the teaching and learning process and Place – relating to both the physical environment and atmosphere of the school.
With the aim of creating a Happy Schools Framework, UNESCO Bangkok held the Happy Schools Seminar from 4-5 June 2015 in order to enrich this initial criteria. Six different schools from five countries of the region (chosen based on their fulfilment of the initial criteria) participated  and shared their perspectives on how such a framework could be applied in different contexts in their respective countries, irrespective of socio-economic, religious, ethnic or cultural differences.
Although the schools came from diverse countries, backgrounds and perspectives, they reached consensus on what criteria is important to make a school happy, highlighting some key reoccurring themes. The importance of relationships was seen as crucial, whether relating to the importance of friendship between students, the relationship between students and teachers, but also the engagement of the wider school community such as parents and administrators among others. At the heart of these relationships, a number of values were cited as crucial, including mutual respect, understanding, equality, love and care, whereby all members of the school community contribute and collaborate equally without segregation or differentiation.


The importance of learning beyond the classroom was also highlighted, where students are given the freedom to learn outdoors and through a number of different clubs or activities that can boost creativity and movement such as the arts and sports. They felt that this, along with reduced stress and a more reasonable workload for students and teachers alike, would mean better recognition and celebration of talents and achievements beyond mere ‘grades’ or test results.

Finally, the school environment was recognized as important for creating a positive atmosphere in schools. This relates in particular to having green areas, a safe environment free of bullying as well as good nutrition. Overall, these elements arguably reflect the three broad categories of ‘People, Process and Place’ as illustrated in the initial criteria.

In order to look more in depth at these aspects, promising practices and initiatives from the six participating schools provide inspiring examples that could be applied in various contexts:

Pemagatshel Middle Secondary School, Bhutan
In order to reduce student stress and create a peaceful and positive atmosphere, students practice daily mindfulness meditation for just two minutes three times per day, in addition to a longer guided meditation which takes place during the school assembly every Monday. This is part of a wider initiative to preserve and promote local culture, with other activities also including traditional games, spiritual activities and the practicing of ‘values’ such as volunteering in the local community. The school also promotes a green atmosphere through flower gardening, a school agricultural programme and by involving the local community for environment-related activities or occasions such as earth hour.

Vidyashilp Academy, India
At Vidyashilp Academy, a great emphasis is placed on keeping a reasonable workload and reducing student stress with regard to exams. To this end, there are no exams from Grades 1-5, and instead students conduct activities with worksheets as a basis for assessment. There are also no textbooks. Instead teachers create lesson plans as part of a collaborative process, providing a significant opportunity for relevance of the content. Each lesson plan is created by a teacher and must include an aim, objective, activity and outcome. These are then uploaded online to be reviewed by two other teachers who may offer suggestions, as well as allowing the opportunity for including student input.

Daegu Gachang Elementary School, Republic of Korea
Designated as a ‘Happy School’ in 2012 by the metropolitan office of education, this school strives to be a ‘happy school that nurtures dreams and talents’, one of the elements of the Ministry of Education’s national policy on ‘Happy Education For All’. The school works to build this vision and create a positive mindset in the school community through an emphasis on relationships, fun and enjoyable activities and a green and safe environment. Through the Gachang Masters Programme for instance, the school aims to help students dream about their future through practicing a variety of activities beyond academics, ranging from foreign languages, computer skills, martial arts, violin or jump roping to name but a few. Students are then awarded with certificates as an important form of recognition. 

NIST International School, Thailand
NIST International school works to promote a positive atmosphere in the school environment in a number of ways. The use of visual displays are used to promote child health and nutrition, for instance by labelling calories burned in climbing staircases and posters on maintaining a healthy weight. In addition, the school canteen provides healthy meals and snacks, including special discounts on salads for students. Great value is also placed on student-teacher relationships based on support and acceptance, in an environment where students’ individuality is encouraged through the freedom to grow, make mistakes and be themselves by learning in a variety of ways.

Chulalongkorn Demonstration Secondary School, Thailand
Central to this school’s vision is the emphasis on relationships. Given that most students stay enrolled over 12 years, they see their classmates, teachers and school staff as their family, complimented by strong ties with parents and alumni. This is encouraged through a number of school clubs which are organized by either students or teachers based on the idea that the easiest way to form such relationships is through engaging in activities together. For instance, the school has a ‘friendship building programme’ dedicated to fostering such positive relationships. 

Thuc Nghiem VNIES Lower Secondary School, Viet Nam
The school’s vision statement itself (‘Every school day is a happy day’) recognizes the importance of promoting happiness. Promising practices include various ways of learning including through extracurricular activities. This includes the use of electronic books to encourage research skills rather than memorization, as well as learning lessons outside the classroom, for instance in museums for subjects such as history and biology. In addition, students are encouraged to learn by making mistakes and without fear of punishment. For instance when marking a student’s homework, teachers aim to reduce pressure by providing useful comments, advice and constructive feedback, rather than using marks or crosses to highlight errors.

The Happy Schools Project was launched in June 2014 aiming to promote happiness in schools in the Asia-Pacific region and share proven practices that enhance learner well-being and holistic development at school level, placing particular importance on the socio-emotional aspects of learning. One of the main objectives of the project is to develop a Happy Schools Framework, consisting of the criteria required for a happy school, as well as the strategies in order to meet the criteria at school or policy level.
For more information, please contact Ramya Vivekanandan [r.vivekanandan(at)unesco.org]

Written by Aliénor Salmon [a.salmon(at)unesco.org]

Related Links:
• Happy School Seminar
• Happy Schools Seminar Held in Bangkok!
• Do We Measure What We Treasure?
• Happy Schools Project

Happy Schools: Panel on Policies and Practices in the Asia-Pacific Region

UNESCO’s Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education (UNESCO Bangkok) launched the Happy Schools Project in June 2014 in the aim of promoting learner well-being and holistic development in schools. Following a series of research activities, the report Happy Schools: A Framework for Learner Well-being in the Asia-Pacific was published in March 2016 to coincide with the International Day of Happiness. Based on school voices and perspectives in the region, the report proposes a framework consisting of 22 criteria for a happy school and highlights promising and innovative practices in schools for reaching the criteria, as well as reflections and next steps to promote learner well-being in policy and practice. In light of today’s competitive, stress-fueled and test-focused world, the Happy Schools Project aims to offer an alternative notion of the quality of education that values and nurtures learners’ diverse talents and strengths.

This panel offered various perspectives from policymakers, experts and school-level stakeholders on how the Happy Schools framework can be promoted and implemented in education systems in the region and beyond.

Presentations




As one of the major activities of the Happy Schools Project, the Happy Schools Seminar took place from 4-5 June, 2015 at NIST International School in Bangkok, Thailand. The seminar brought together a selected number of schools from the Asia-Pacific region to share their experiences, perspectives and proven practices in ensuring learner wellbeing and holistic development. More specifically, the objective of the seminar was to build a ‘Happy Schools Framework’ that can help implement the concept of ‘Happy Schools’ in a diversity of contexts through:

1)  Discussion and shared understanding of the criteria that promote the concept of ‘Happy Schools’, and

2)  Discussion on the strategies, as well as the ways and means for schools to meet each criteria.

 Presentation Files

UNESCO Bangkok:
School Presentations:
       Akita Prefecture Schools, Japan.
Pemagatshel Middle Secondary School, Bhutan.
Vidyashilp Academy, India.
Daegu Gachang Elementary School, Republic of Korea.
Chulalongkorn Demonstration Secondary School, Thailand. 
Thuc Nghiem VNIES Experimental Lower Secondary School, Viet Nam.

Link: http://www.unescobkk.org/education/quality-of-education/happyschools


Monday, March 6, 2017

Introduction to Internet of Things (IoT)


What is IoT?
IoT is here. It's real. It's inevitable. We are just at the beginning of the Internet of Things and it will be huge.




Infographic - What exactly is the Internet of Things?



"The possible applications of the Internet of Things are more or less endless. Basically any device or product can be made ‘smart’ when several sensors are added and the device can connect to the Internet. Throw in some smart algorithms and the data can be analyzed and provide insights to the user as well as the device itself. With so many possibilities, cheap infrastructure and high demand it is very likely that we will see an explosion of IoT startups in the coming years" ~ Mark van Rijmenam.

“Internet of Things (IoT) enables the objects in our environment to become active participants, i.e., they share information with other members of the network or with any other stakeholder and they are capable of recognizing events and changes in their surroundings and of acting and reacting autonomously in an appropriate manner. In this context the research and development challenges to create a smart world are enormous. A world where the real, digital and the virtual are converging to create smart environments that make energy, transport, cities and many other areas more intelligent.

The concept goal of the Internet of Things is to enable things to be connected anytime, anyplace, with anything and anyone ideally using any path/ network and any service. Internet of Things is a new revolution of the Internet. Objects make themselves recognizable and they obtain intelligence thanks to the fact that they can communicate information about themselves and they can access information that has been aggregated by other things. For example - alarm clocks will go off early if there’s traffic; plants will communicate to the sprinkler system when it’s time for them to be watered; running shoes communicate time, speed and distance so that the wearer can compete in real time with people on the other side of the world; medicine containers tell your family members if you forget to take the medicine. All objects can play an active role thanks to their connection to the Internet." ~ Ovidiu Vermesan et al.

Enabling technologies for the Internet of Things such as sensor networks, RFID, M2M, mobile Internet, semantic data integration, semantic search, IPv6, etc. are considered in and can be grouped into three categories (DuPress):

(i) technologies that enable “things” to acquire contextual information,
(ii) technologies that enable “things” to process contextual information, and
(iii) technologies to improve security and privacy.


Internet of Things - History:  http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-history

Turning Data into Wisdom 



Wikipedia
 
Credit: Karim Vaes 2013


From Data to Wisdom
Credit: Gene Bellinger, Durval Castro and Anthony Mills - systems-thinking.org
Redrawn by Peter James Thomas

IoT, Industry 4.0, Web 3.0 and IoE

Four phases of Industrialization (IoT and Industry 4.0)
Figure credit: SapHanaTutorial




Source: IoE CISCO

IoT Applications



The sky is the limit in terms of IoT applications.


Battling urban gridlock
Figure credit: Dupress


 Key feature of digital age transportation systems
Figure credit: Dupress

Potential applications of the IoT are numerous and diverse, permeating into practically all areas of every-day life of individuals, enterprises, and society as a whole (Source: IoT Cluster Book).

Smart Cities
  • Smart Parking: Monitoring of parking spaces availability in the city.
  • Structural health: Monitoring of vibrations and material conditions in buildings, bridges and historical monuments.
  • Noise Urban Maps: Sound monitoring in bar areas and centric zones in real time.
  • Traffic Congestion: Monitoring of vehicles and pedestrian levels to optimize driving and walking routes.
  • Smart Lightning: Intelligent and weather adaptive lighting in street lights.
  • Waste Management: Detection of rubbish levels in containers to optimize the trash collection routes.
  • Intelligent Transportation Systems: Smart Roads and Intelligent
  • Highways with warning messages and diversions according to climate conditions and unexpected events like accidents or traffic jams.
Smart Environment
  • Forest Fire Detection: Monitoring of combustion gases and preemptive fire conditions to define alert zones.
  • Air Pollution: Control of CO2 emissions of factories, pollution emitted by cars and toxic gases generated in farms.
  • Landslide and Avalanche Prevention: Monitoring of soil moisture,vibrations and earth density to detect dangerous patterns in landconditions.
  • Earthquake Early Detection: Distributed control in specific places of tremors.
Smart Water
  • Water Quality: Study of water suitability in rivers and the sea for fauna and eligibility for drinkable use.
  • Water Leakages: Detection of liquid presence outside tanks and pressure variations along pipes.
  • River Floods: Monitoring of water level variations in rivers, dams and reservoirs.
Smart Metering
  • Smart Grid: Energy consumption monitoring and management.
  • Tank level: Monitoring of water, oil and gas levels in storage tanks and cisterns.
  • Photovoltaic Installations: Monitoring and optimization of performance in solar energy plants.
  • Water Flow: Measurement of water pressure in water transportation systems.
  • Silos Stock Calculation: Measurement of emptiness level and weight of the goods.
Security & Emergencies
  • Perimeter Access Control: Access control to restricted areas and detection of people in non-authorized areas.
  • Liquid Presence: Liquid detection in data centers, warehouses and sensitive building grounds to prevent break downs and corrosion.
  • Radiation Levels: Distributed measurement of radiation levels in nuclear power stations surroundings to generate leakage alerts.
  • Explosive and Hazardous Gases: Detection of gas levels and leakages in industrial environments, surroundings of chemical factories and inside mines.
Retail
  • Supply Chain Control: Monitoring of storage conditions along the supply chain and product tracking for traceability purposes.
  • NFC Payment: Payment processing based in location or activity duration for public transport, gyms, theme parks, etc.
  • Intelligent Shopping Applications: Getting advice at the point of sale according to customer habits, preferences, presence of allergic components for them or expiring dates.
  • Smart Product Management: Control of rotation of products in shelves and warehouses to automate restocking processes
Logistics
  • Quality of Shipment Conditions: Monitoring of vibrations, strokes,container openings or cold chain maintenance for insurance purposes.
  • Item Location: Search of individual items in big surfaces like warehouses or harbours.
  • Storage Incompatibility Detection: Warning emission on containers storing inflammable goods closed to others containing explosive material.
  • Fleet Tracking: Control of routes followed for delicate goods like medical drugs, jewels or dangerous merchandises.
Industrial
  • M2M Applications: Machine auto-diagnosis and assets control.
  • Indoor Air Quality: Monitoring of toxic gas and oxygen levels inside chemical plants to ensure workers and goods safety.
  • Temperature Monitoring: Control of temperature inside industrial and medical fridges with sensitive merchandise.
  • Ozone Presence: Monitoring of ozone levels during the drying meat process in food factories.
  • Indoor Location: Asset indoor location by using active (ZigBee) and passive tags (RFID/NFC).
  • Vehicle Auto-diagnosis: Information collection from CanBus to send real time alarms to emergencies or provide advice to drivers.
Smart Agriculture
  • Wine Quality Enhancing: Monitoring soil moisture and trunk diameter in vineyards to control the amount of sugar in grapes and grapevine health.
  • Green Houses: Control micro-climate conditions to maximize the production of fruits and vegetables and its quality.
  • Meteorological Station Network: Study of weather conditions in fields to forecast ice formation, rain, drought, snow or wind changes.
  • Compost: Control of humidity and temperature levels in alfalfa, hay, straw, etc. to prevent fungus and other microbial contaminants.
Domotic & Home Automation
  • Energy and Water Use: Energy and water supply consumption monitoring to obtain advice on how to save cost and resources.
  • Remote Control Appliances: Switching on and off remotely appliances to avoid accidents and save energy.
  • Intrusion Detection Systems: Detection of window and door openings and violations to prevent intruders.
  • Art and Goods Preservation: Monitoring of conditions inside museums and art warehouses.
eHealth
  • Fall Detection: Assistance for elderly or disabled people living independent.
  • Medical Fridges: Control of conditions inside freezers storing vaccines, medicines and organic elements.
  • Sportsmen Care: Vital signs monitoring in high performance centers andfields.
  • Patients Surveillance: Monitoring of conditions of patients inside hospitals and in old people's home.
  • Ultraviolet Radiation: Measurement of UV sun rays to warn people not to be exposed in certain hours.
IoT and Community Wisdom (Source: IoT Cluster Book)

People live in communities and rely on each other in everyday activities. Recommendations for a good restaurant, car mechanic, movie, phone plan etc. were and still are some of the things where community knowledge helps us in determining our actions.

While in the past this community wisdom was difficult to access and often based on inputs from a handful of people, with the proliferation of the web and more recently social networks, the community knowledge has become readily available - just a click away.

Today, the community wisdom is based on conscious input from people, primarily based on opinions of individuals. With the development of IoT technology and ICT in general, it is becoming interesting to expand the concept of community knowledge to automated observation of events in the real world.


IoT Challenges

While ICT offers opportunities like a platform for freedom of speech, social contact and enhanced democratic accountability, there are also ethical problems online: for example important questions like privacy and data protection. As ICT becomes ever more important, pervasive and useful, we need to raise and discuss these ethical question.

The Internet of Things promises to bring smart devices everywhere, from the fridge in your home, to sensors in your car; even in your body. Those applications offer significant benefits: helping users save energy, enhance comfort, get better healthcare and increased independence: in short meaning happier, healthier lives. But they also collect huge amounts of data, raising privacy and identity issues.” ~ Neelie Kroes

"ICT revolutions since the invention of the first single-chip microprocessor in 1971 have transformed the way we live, work and do business. By giving autonomy to objects, and by blurring the line between bits and atoms, the Internet of Things will produce another quantum leap forward on both the technological and societal levels by erasing boundaries between information entities and moving the reality across traditional legal, business, social and cultural concepts towards a single  environment. The scale of the challenge is unprecedented." ~ Gérald Santucci
 
Some Research Challenges

  • Absolutely safe and secure communication with elements at the network edge
  • Energy saving robust and reliable smart sensors/actuators
  • Technologies for data anonymity addressing privacy concerns
  • Dealing with critical latencies, e.g. in control loops
  • System partitioning (local/cloud based intelligence)
  • Mass data processing, filtering and mining; avoid flooding of communication network
  • Real-time Models and design methods describing reliable interworking of heterogeneous systems (e.g. technical / economical/ social / environmental systems).
  • Identifying and monitoring critical system elements
  • Detecting critical overall system states in due time
  • System concepts which support self-healing and containment of damage; strategies for failure contingency management
  • Technologies supporting self-organisation and dynamic formation of structures / re-structuring